He gamma aminobutyric acid It is more popularly known by its acronym in English as GABAand its correct operation is necessary for the balance of neuronal functionswhich, sometimes, can be altered by genetic or acquired factors.
GABA: what it is and what is its function in the body
GABA or gamma aminobutyric acid is a amino acid that is generated in the brain and is part of the central nervous system.
It is a neurotransmittera substance that acts on the communication of nervous impulses and participates in 40 percent of synapses.
The GABA missionunlike other neurotransmitters that stimulate the connection between neurons, such as glutamate or norepinephrine, is modulate nerve impulses when there is excess excitability.
It acts by binding to its receptors to release chlorine ions in the neuronal membrane at the time of synapse, generating an exchange with potassium that inhibits electrical exchange and slows down nerve and muscle stimulation.
In childhood, GABA enhances growth hormone and has a great role in brain development and the creation of new neural connections. However, as we age, GABA levels tend to decrease, which is related to loss of coordination and cognitive abilities.
GABA: Properties and benefits
Thanks to its effect of slowing down nerve and muscle stimulation, GABA calms the hyperactivity of nerve cells and improves its operation.
For this reason it is common to find GABA in supplement formwhich is used as effective support in psychological or psychiatric problems.
Since Its main function is to induce relaxation the nervous system, promotes a calm and balanced state of mind. Its effect contributes to the homeostasis of the entire organism.
It is therefore used to improve different health disorders. These are its main uses:
- It is used for reduce stress and depressionfor improve sleep quality and for reduce blood pressure.
- Optimizes cognitive processes, movement control and the activity of the immune system, reducing inflammationand the endocrine system, regulating hormonal activity.
- Also improves gastrointestinal health and the regulation of appetite and metabolism.
- The correct activity of GABA in the hypothalamus allows the mental and muscular relaxation necessary to sleep soundly. Low GABA levels are related to disorders such as insomnia, light or interrupted sleep. Therefore, the Foods and supplements rich in GABA can facilitate sleep. Sleeping pills act on GABA to increase sedation.
- By decreasing the hyperactivity of brain neurons and the central nervous system, GABA can also be useful against anxiety. By improving mental and muscular relaxation and calming stress, it can also help reduce the obsessive torrent of thoughts that it produces. anxiety.
- By calming anxiety, it works like other neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine, improving mood, inducing serenity and avoiding emotional peaks that lead to depression.
- GABA helps develop muscle mass and lose fat when playing sports. Furthermore, it contributes to a better recovery after activity, because it acts as a pain inhibitor and increases the tolerance threshold for physical effort.
GABA deficiency: how to recognize it and how to increase levels
Low levels of GABA produce irritability, anxiety, sleep disorderspanic attacks, depression, increased premenstrual syndrome and tendency to addictions. They can lead to migraines and motor, cognitive and seizure disorders.
How can we increase GABA levels? Respecting the rhythm of activity and rest with:
- Physical exercise
- Yoga or meditation
- dDiet rich in magnesium and vitamin B6.
- Introducing foods into the diet such as chlorella algae, rich in GABA, or fermented vegetables, kombucha and kefir to reinforce the microbiota.
GABA supplements: how to take them
It is usually supplemented in 500 mg dose and it is taken before going to sleepalthough with medical supervision you can reach 2,000 mg in divided doses.
It is also supplemented through its precursors, such as taurine, glycine and glutamine.
Contraindications, side effects and interactions
It is recommended Do not use GABA supplements for a long time and take them under medical supervisionespecially in cases of depression and mental disorders.
In excess, GABA can cause fatigue, nausea, tingling, or tachycardia.
This contraindicated in renal and hepatic failure.
It should not be administered without medical supervision with antidepressants, barbiturates, anesthetics, anticonvulsants or benzodiazepines.
Neither with sedative infusions or supplements or that lower blood pressure, nor with alcohol.